qml.qaoa.cost.max_independent_set¶
- max_independent_set(graph, constrained=True)[source]¶
For a given graph, returns the QAOA cost Hamiltonian and the recommended mixer corresponding to the Maximum Independent Set problem.
Given some graph G, an independent set is a set of vertices such that no pair of vertices in the set share a common edge. The Maximum Independent Set problem, is the problem of finding the largest such set.
- Parameters
graph (nx.Graph or rx.PyGraph) – a graph whose edges define the pairs of vertices on which each term of the Hamiltonian acts
constrained (bool) – specifies the variant of QAOA that is performed (constrained or unconstrained)
- Returns
The cost and mixer Hamiltonians
- Return type
(Hamiltonian, Hamiltonian)
Usage Details
There are two variations of QAOA for this problem, constrained and unconstrained:
Constrained
Note
This method of constrained QAOA was introduced by Hadfield, Wang, Gorman, Rieffel, Venturelli, and Biswas (2019).
The Maximum Independent Set cost Hamiltonian for constrained QAOA is defined as:
HC = ∑v∈V(G)Zv,where V(G) is the set of vertices of the input graph, and Zi is the Pauli-Z operator applied to the i-th vertex.
The returned mixer Hamiltonian is
bit_flip_mixer()
applied to G.Note
- Recommended initialization circuit:
Each wire in the |0⟩ state.
Unconstrained
The Maximum Independent Set cost Hamiltonian for unconstrained QAOA is defined as:
HC = 3∑(i,j)∈E(G)(ZiZj − Zi − Zj) + ∑i∈V(G)Ziwhere E(G) is the set of edges of G, V(G) is the set of vertices, and Zi is the Pauli-Z operator acting on the i-th vertex.
The returned mixer Hamiltonian is
x_mixer()
applied to all wires.Note
- Recommended initialization circuit:
Even superposition over all basis states.